Benefits for asylum seekers

Quick info
Data type	Numeric
Scale	Metric
Value labels	Not applicable
Technical name	isr_asylsee_typben_access_s
Category	Immigrant social rights
Label	Cash or in-kind benefits for asylum seekers
Related indicators	isr_asylsee_socass_access_s

Measures in the years of data collection, in what form (if at all) did received support (cash or in kind).

Coding rules

Survey Question

q6: In the years [YYYY-YYYY], in what form did asylum seekers receive benefits (cash payment or payment in kind)?

Specification of scores

[[

Value	Specification
0	Neither cash nor in kind OR status of asylum seeker does not exist
0.5	No cash and yes, in kind
0.75	Yes, cash and yes, in kind
1	Yes, cash and no in kind

]]

Missing values

Depending on the cause of the absence of a value, several types of missing values can be differentiated. These are as follows:

• -991 Don’t know
• -992 Former communist countries
• -993 Benefit did not exist (including for citizens)
• -994 Legal category of migrants did not exist
• -995 Neither benefit nor legal category of migrants existed
• -996 Country not in sample for other country-specific reason
• -997 Index is missing because all underlying variables are also missing
• -998 Missing for other reasons
• -999 Country not in sample in 1980-1999

Filter logic

If a type of benefit does not exist:

• in those years in which a certain benefit does not exist, all items pertaining to that benefit are set to missing (-993).

If a legal category of migrant does not exist:

• in those years in which there is no legally recognized category of ‘permanent resident’, this is scored as most restrictive (0). This concerns q1b, q2b, q3b_parent, q3b_child, q4b_residence, q4b_other, q5b and q7b.
• in those years in which there is no legally recognized category of ‘recognized refugee’, this is scored as most restrictive (0). This concerns q1d, q3d_parent, q3d_child, q4d_residence and q4d_other.
• in those years in which there is no legally recognized category of ‘asylum seeker’, this is scored as most restrictive (0). This concerns q1e, q3e_parent, q3e_child, q4e and q6.
• in those years in which there is no legally recognized category of ‘family reunification migrant’ with a citizen sponsor, this is scored as most restrictive (0). This concerns q8a_welfare and q8a_income.
• in those years in which there is no legally recognized category of ‘family reunification migrant’ with a non-citizen sponsor, this is scored as most restrictive (0). This concerns q1f, q8b_welfare and q8b_income.

Exception: In q1[…], q2[…], q3[…], q4[…] and q5[…], if the respective category does not exist and the benefit in question also does not exist, this is scored as missing (-995 [Neither benefit nor legal category of migrants existed]).

For temporary and seasonal labour migrants, if there is no such legally recognized category, this is scored as missing (-994 if the benefit exists, -995 if it does not).

Further information

For comprehensive information on the data collection procedures, coding scheme, questionnaire design, filter logic, and related aspects, please consult the Technical Report: 10.26092/elib/3739

Bibliographic info

Citation: Henninger, J., Junge, M., Römer, F., Bartsch, S. (2025). The Immigrant Social Rights Data Set (ImmigSR). Technical Report (2., aktualisierte Ausgabe, Stand: 04.03.2025), SFB 1342 Technical Paper Series/18/2025, Bremen: CRC 1342, 10.26092/elib/3739

Related publications: Römer, F., Henninger, J., & Harris, E. (2024). Social protection for mobile populations? A global perspective on immigrant social rights. Social Policy & Administration, 58(1), 155–174. 10.1111/spol.12955

Misc

Project manager(s): Dr. Friederike Römer

Data release: 01.06.2025

Revisions:

Sources

Original CRC Data