Edit IndicatorForm: Coverage of old-age pension, aggregate

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Data type*	Numeric  String  Date
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 Binary  Multinomial  Ordinal  Metric

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Technical name*	(Note the naming convention for technical names.)
Category*	Old age and survivorsLabour and labour marketHealth and long-term careEducation and trainingFamily and gender policiesImmigrant social rightsPolicy legaciesEconomic and financial factorsPolitical factorsSocial structureCultureGeographySustainable development goalsCommunicationPolitical institutional linkagesEconomic relationsMigrationViolent conflicts and colonial dependencies
Label*	Coverage of old-age pension, aggregate
Related indicators	<ul> <li>old_pension_hori</li> <li>old_pension_verti</li> <li>old_pension_agri1</li> <li>old_pension_exmain1</li> <li>old_pension_comfin1</li> <li>old_pension_studapp1</li> <li>old_pension_domwork1</li> <li>old_pension_homework1</li> <li>old_pension_selfemp1</li> <li>old_pension_tempwork1</li> <li>old_pension_citizens1</li> <li>old_pension_agri2</li> <li>old_pension_exmain2</li> <li>old_pension_comfin2</li> <li>old_pension_studapp2</li> <li>old_pension_domwork2</li> <li>old_pension_homework2</li> <li>old_pension_employer2</li> <li>old_pension_selfemp2</li> <li>old_pension_tempwork2</li> <li>old_pension_tempwork2</li> </ul>
Description*	This indicator merges data on the horizontal and vertical coverage of old-age pension programs. *'''Horizontal coverage indicator (HI)''' The horizontal dimension of the indicator counts how many occupational/social groups of a predefined list are covered. This list comprises the following groups and sectors: 1) agriculture, 2) extractive and manufacturing industry, 3) commerce and finance, 4) students and apprentices, 5) domestic and family workers, 6) home workers, 7) employers, 8) self-employed, 9) temporary and seasonal workers, 10) foreign workers, and 11) all citizens. Finally, the percentage share of all 11 groups are calculated. * '''Vertical coverage indicator (VI)''' The vertical dimension of this indicator counts how many subgroups of an occupational group are excluded from the pension program. For each subgroup of an occuapational group (e.g. agriculture) that is excluded, one point is subtracted. The values for each occupational group have the following meaning: 5) the entire occupational group is covered, 4) one subgroup of an occupational group is excluded, 3) two subgroups of an occupational group are excluded, 2) two or more subgroups of an occupational group are excluded, 1) only a single subgroup of an occupational group is covered. The vertical coverage is expressed as a percentage share of the maximal vertical coverage that the given number of protected groups can achieve. Finally, the percentage share of the maximal vertical value (5*11 = 55) that can be reached is calculated.
Coding rules	'''Horizontal coverage indicator (HI)''' = (100/11) * old_pension_hori ''' Vertical coverage indicator (VI)''' = [100/(old_pension_hori * 5)] * old_pension_verti '''Aggregate coverage''' = (HI/100) * VI
Citation	Grünewald, Aline. 2020. "The historical origins of old-age pension schemes: Mapping global patterns."''Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy'': 1-19. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-international-and-comparative-social-policy/article/abs/historical-origins-of-oldage-pension-schemes/2B14501D496F04C354DE0A32F1C94BE2
Related publications	<ul><li>Grünewald, Aline. 2021. "From Benefits and Beneficiaries: The Historical Origins of Old-Age Pensions From a Political Regime Perspective." ''Comparative Political Studies'' 54 (8): 1424-1458.</li></ul>
Project manager(s)*	Aline Grünewald
Data release	<ul><li>Version 0.001: Initial release</li></ul>
Revisions	No revisions yet
Sources	* Bogenstabs, André. 2016. "Universal Old Age and Disability Pensions." https://socialprotection-humanrights.org/resource/universal-old-age-disability-pensions/ * Benin. 1973. "Ordonnance N° 73-3 du 17 Janvier 1973. Portant création et organisation de l'Office Béninois de Sécurité Sociale." https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/natlex4.detail?p_lang=en&p_isn=15894 * Begum, S. and D. Wesumperuma. 2012. "Old Age Allowance Programme in Bangladesh: Challenges and Lessons" in S.W. Handayani and B. Babayanian (eds.) ''Social Protection for Older Persons: Social Pensions in Asia''. Manila, Asian Development Bank: 187-213. * Cambodia. 2002. "Law on Social Security Schemes for Persons defined by the Provisions of the Labour Law." https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/71910/96916/F1873020753/KHM71910.pdf * Chad. 1977. "Décret 77-207 1977-06-30 P-CSM/78. Décret Instituant un Régime de Pension Vieillesse, d'Invalidité et de Décès." https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/9906/115446/F542451179/TCD-9906.pdf * Colombia. 1946. "Ley 90 de 1946. Por la cual se establece el seguro social obligatorio y se crea el Instituto Colombiano de Seguros Sociales." http://comisionseptimasenado.gov.co/Pensiones/pdf/1946%20LEY%200090.pdf * Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. 1963. "El Derecho a la Seguridad Social." http://www.cidh.org/countryrep/Cuba83sp/capitulo11.htm * Doak, W. N. and Ethelbert Stewart. 1932. "Public Old-Age Pensions and Insurance in the United States and Foreign Countries." ''Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics'' 561: 1-207. * Dupate, Kristine. 2016. "The Constitutional Social Rights in Latvia." ''Studia z zakresu prawa pracy i polityki spolecznej'' 23: 125-140. * Germany. 1889. "Gesetz, betreffend die Invaliditäts-und Alterssicherung." ''Deutsches Reichsgesetzblatt'' 1889 (13): 97-144. * Gerig, Daniel S. 1966. "Social Security in the New African Countries." ''Social Security Bulletin'' 29 (1): 29-41. * Haiti. 1965. "Décret du 8 Novembre 1965 Instituant l'Assurance-Vieillesse Obligatoire." https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/MONOGRAPH/52273/60665/F-1178575254/HTI-52273.pdf * ILO. 1960. "Rapport au Gouvernement de la République de Guinée sur La Sécurité Sociale. OIT/OTA/Guineée/R.1." ILO: Geneva. * ILO. 1965. "Rapport au Gouvernement de la République Centreafricaine sur l'Assurance-Pension". OIT/TAP/Centrafricaine/R.3." ILO: Geneva. * ILO. 1976. " Amiri Decree Law to promulgate Law No. 24 of 1976 on Social Insurance." https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/natlex4.detail?p_lang=en&p_isn=7240 * ILO. 1985. "ILO Legislative Series." https://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/P/09607/ * ILO. 2016. "Universal Social Protection. Universal old-age pensions in Maldives". https://www.social-protection.org/gimi/gess/RessourcePDF.action?id=53957 * Kim, Shinyoung. 2006. "Towards a better understanding of welfare policy development in developing nations: a case study of South Korea's pension system." ''International Journal of Social Welfare'' 15 (1): 75-83 * Lesotho. 2005. "Old Age Pension (Pensions) Regulations 2005." ''Government Gazette Extraordinary'' L (26): 243-247. * Liechtenstein. 1952. "Gesetz vom 14. Dezember 1952 über die Alters- und Hinterlassenenversicherung (AHVG)." ''Liechtensteinisches Landesgesetzblatt'' 1952 (29): 1-94. * Mexico. 1943. "Ley del Seguro Social." http://censoarchivos.mcu.es/CensoGui/archivodetail.htm?id=55354 * Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare. 1999. "Decree on Social Security System for Enterprise Employees". https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/natlex4.detail?p_lang=en&p_isn=57823&p_country=LAO&p_count=54 * Mozambique. 1989. "Lei n° 5/89 do 18 de Septembro". https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwjTj_rX6N7uAhXQh1wKHdWpCKIQFjAAegQIARAC&url=https%3A%2%2Fwww.ilo.org%2Fdyn%2Fnatlex%2Fdocs%2FELECTRONIC%2F21097%2F81672%2FF1457490713%2FMoz%2520ley%25205-%252089.doc&usg=AOvVaw1GGuDA2sZEa5jNrsvFO6G9 * Niger. 1967. "Décret N° 67-025." https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/natlex4.detail?p_lang=en&p_isn=8549 * Organo Oficial del Gobierno de la República de Guatemala, C.A.. 1946. "Ley Organica del Instituto Guatemalteco de Seguridad Social." ''Diario de Centro América'' XLVII (83): 927-946. * Samoa. 1972. "National Provident Fund Act." https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/natlex4.detail?p_lang=en&p_isn=90983&p_country=WSM&p_count=53 * Secure Livelihoods Consortium. 2014. "What does Nepal's Old Age Allowance mean for the elderly. Evidence from Rolpa." ''Briefing Paper'' 7: 1-14. * Senegal. 1975. "Statuts de l'Institution de Prevoyance Retraite du Sénégal." https://senegal.eregulations.org/media/statuts_ipres%20(1)%20(1)_1.pdf * Sierra Leone. 2001. "The National-Fund Social Security and Insurance Trust Act, 2001." ''Sierra Leone Gazette'' CXXXII (39): 1-31. * Spectator Archive. 1906. "The Austrian Pension Law." http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/7th-september-1907/14/the-austrian-pension-law * Thailand. 1990. "Social Security Act, B.E. 2533 (1990)." http://www.thailaws.com/ * Tuvalu. 1984. "Provident Fund Act (Cap.32.08)." https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/85533/95810/F44521826/TUV85533.pdf * USSSA. 1939-2019. "Social Security Programs Throughout the World." https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/ssptw/ * USSSA. 1959. "Social Security in the Union in the Soviet Socialist Republics." ''Social Security Bulletin'' 22 (8): 3-7.

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